Why are lightning formed in clouds? Clouds create negative charged particles.
Clouds produce hot air that can create lightning.
Clouds cause negative charged particles to collide with each other.
Clouds are contains moisture to create lightning.

Explanation:

Because opposites attract, the negative charge at the bottom of the storm cloud wants to link up with the ground’s positive charge. Once the negative charge at the bottom of the cloud gets large enough, a flow of negative charge called a stepped leader rushes toward the Earth. The positive charges at the ground are attracted to the stepped leader, so positive charge flows upward from the ground. When the stepped leader and the positive charge meet, a strong electric current carries positive charge up into the cloud. This electric current is known as the return stroke. We see it as the bright flash of a lightning bolt.

Thunder and lightning occur at roughly the same time although you see the flash of lightning before you hear the thunder. This is because light travels much faster than sound

first one is the correct answer

the ratio of the conjugate base to the acid required to attain the desired ph.