Thermal Energy and Chemical Change Lab Report Instructions: In this engineering lab, you will build and test a device that releases and absorbs thermal energy in order to reach a goal. You will need to repeat tests of your device to make sure it does not need to be redesigned or improved. Record your observations and test measurements in the lab report below. You will submit your completed report.

Note: If you cannot complete this lab as directed, please contact your instructor for assistance.
Name and Title:
Include your name, instructor's name, date, and name of lab.

Define the Problem:
In your own words, what is the goal of the engineering lab?

Criteria and Limitations:
In this section, please list at least three criteria that must be met by your train design. Also include any limitations that could prevent it from getting its cargo to the station.

Criteria Limitations

Design Ideas—Pros and Cons:
In this section, describe three design ideas you have for your train. List at least one pro (a positive) and one con (a negative) for each design option.

Description of Train Design Pro Con
Train One
Train Two
Train Three

Data:
Record the results of each of the test runs you make to the train station. Be sure to describe any changes you make to your train between each test run.

Train One Train Two Train Three
Test Results? Any redesign?
Test Results? Any redesign?
Test Results?
Track One
Track Two
Track Three

Analyze Data and Refine Design:
This section will include an analysis of your test results and plans for redesigning your train. Please write in complete sentences.

Were any of your train designs able to get their cargo to the train station without crashing?
If yes, describe the design of the successful train.
If no, describe the design of the train that got closest to the station.

Which of your criteria presented the most challenge to getting the train to its goal, and why?

Which limitation was the biggest roadblock to getting the train to the station?

Why was it important to have endothermic and exothermic processes in the building materials of your train?
Which engines released thermal energy in an exothermic reaction?
Which engines absorbed thermal energy in an endothermic reaction?

If you could add any building item options to your virtual train to improve its design, what would those items be, and why would you need to add them?

Answer is in the file below

tinyurl.com/wpazsebu

according to the u.s. department of agriculture, the label of "certified organic" comes with a set of highly regulated standards for environmental stewardship and resource conservation. some of these include maintenance and improvement of soil quality, prevention of ground and surface water contamination, greenhouse gas regulation, encouragement of biodiversity and conservation of water and energy (see references 1). organic practices integrate natural methods such as mulching, plant diversity, native and adapted plants, crop rotation and the introduction of beneficial insects to control pests without synthetic pesticides.

environmental implications of pesticides

synthetic pesticides ensure high crop yields. while effective in achieving this goal, pesticides contaminate soil, air, ground and surface water, as well as the plants and animals that come into contact with these contaminated sources. freshwater and marine organisms are particularly susceptible to pesticides through agricultural runoff. pesticides also reduce soil fertility (necessitating the use of synthetic fertilizers) and can travel far from the original source, contaminating water and air hundreds of miles from the location of application (see references 2).

health implications of organics

although a subject of particular debate, many recent findings show that organic food is healthier than conventionally grown food. according to the usda, an extensive european union-funded study found that organically grown foods contain more beneficial compounds, such as the vitamins and antioxidants needed to combat many diseases (see references 5). organic milk, meat and eggs are regulated to ensure they are free of hormones administered to conventional livestock and poultry.

health implications of pesticides

pesticides affect human health in three ways: through skin contact, inhalation and ingestion. acute and long-term exposure to pesticides can cause serious health problems for farmers who apply them. the majority of other people are affected by drinking contaminated water and eating contaminated marine life (see references 3). pesticides have been linked to neurological disorders, endocrine and reproductive disorders, immune system deficiencies and cancer. according to the world health organization, acute pesticide poisoning (app) is responsible for significant annual mortality, especially in developing nations (see references 4).

other important considerations

not every small farm or business owner can afford the costly certification process required to be considered "certified organic," even if the farm is not using chemicals. "transitional" farms include those that once used chemicals and are now transitioning to organic-only production. in addition, though organic farming methods offer obvious environmental benefit, an organic apple shipped from around the world creates a different set of environmental problems. locally grown food (particularly locally grown, organic food) is key in sustainable food production.

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