What information is needed to determine a molecular formula

Does anyone know a lot about how to: - calculate mass of magnesium metal - calculate the actual yield of magnesium oxide - calculate the theoretical yield of mgo - calculate the percent yield of mgo - determine the percent yield of mgo - determine the average percent yield of mgo i had to do an online lab and its asking these questions but i have no idea where to start or how to be able to find these things. i can post the chart of the data from the lab or if you can tell me exactly how i can find each.

Which supports the idea that birds and butterflies both have wings but they do not have a common ancestor with wings? a. the wings are analogous structures that evolved differently and do not have a similar internal structure. b. the wings are homologous structures that evolved differently and do not have a similar internal structure. c. wings of birds are vestigial structures, but the wing structures of bats are not vestigial. d. wings of bats are vestigial structures, but the wing structures of birds are not vestigial

George is a dalmatian puppy. describe what happens to light that allows you to see george’s black and white coat.