A 50.8g sample of glass, which has a specific heat capacity of 0.670·J·g?1°C?1, is put into a calorimeter (see sketch at right) that contains 150.0g of water. The temperature of the water starts off at 22.0°C. When the temperature of the water stops changing it's 25.6°C. The pressure remains constant at 1atm. Calculate the initial temperature of the glass sample. Be sure your answer is rounded to the correct number of significant digits.

Explanation:

mass of glass m = 50.8 g

specific heat s = .67 J /g °C

initial temperature = t

Loss of heat by glass

= m s Δ t

= 50.8 x .67 x ( t - 25.6 )

= 34.036 x ( t - 25.6 )

Gain of heat by water

= 150 x 4.2 x ( 25.6 - 22.0 )

= 2268

Heat gain = heat lost

2268 = 34.036 x ( t - 25.6 )

2268 = 34.036  t - 871.32

34.036 t = 3139.32

t = 92.23°C .  

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"among the transition metal elements, manganese and zinc have a slight lowering of electronegativities. the reason behind this is that the nuclear charges of these elements are slightly weaker than the other transition metal elements due to the way their valence electrons are filled up. both manganese and zinc have their valence electrons filled up to the 4th shell with 1 pair of electrons (4s2) completely occupying it. although the electrons in the 3rd shell (3d) are yet to be paired since the outer most shell is filled up, the ability of the nucleus to attract electrons is lessened. hence,   the electronegativity (or the ability to attract electrons) is lessened."