Explain how an atom becomes an ion, specifically citing the difference in how cations and anions are formed.

Explain the relationship between forward and backward reactions in equilibrium, and predict how changing the amount of a reactant (creating a tension) will affect that relationship.

Which characteristics can be used to differentiate star systems? check all that apply.

What happens to the average kinetic energy of a gas when the particles of the gas collide against each other at a constant temperature and volume? explain your answer.