The table shows the bone arrangements in the fossil of an organism, Basilosaurus cetoides, compared with the skeleton of a blue whale. Basilosaurus cetoides was a large mammal that existed 35 million years ago. It was 20 m long and had a large skull, incompletely formed legs, short arms, and a long tail. Scientists claim that the blue whale, which first appeared 1.5 million years ago, is related to Basilosaurus cetoides.
Which argument based on the evidence helps support the scientists’ claim?

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1. for the first question, we must find the mass of the anhydrous salt, mgso₄. the molar mass for mgso₄·7h₂o is 246.47 g/mol, while that of mgso₄ is 120.37 g/mol.7.834 g mgso₄·7h₂o * 1 mol mgso₄·7h₂o/246.47 g * 1 mol mgso₄/1 mol mgso₄·7h₂o * 20.37 g mgso₄/mol = 0.647 g mgso₄

2. mass of water = mass of sample - mass of anhydrous salemass of water = 7.834 - 0.647 = 7.19 gpercent water in hydrate = 7.19/7.834 * 100 = 91.74%

a chemical change results in a new substance being formed; whereas a physical change will result in a different state of matter

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