I need help knowing if chemical formulas are balanced or unbalanced I cease to understand this ;-;

Balancing Chemical Formulas is like simple mathematic systems of equations

Lets look at your second example:

H2 + Cl2 = HCl

Lets replace H with x, and Cl with y.

the equation would now be

2x + 2y = xy (now I know in math x+y does not equal xy, but bear with me)

This would not be correct. For the equation to be true, both sides must yield the same counterpart. To do this, you'd have to add a coefficient to balance out both sides.

Looking at the equation, you know you have to balance the right side, as the left side is adding two things up to getting only half value. So, we will add coefficient of "2" to xy. This means that the balanced chemical equation will now be H2 + Cl2 = 2HCl

each chemical family is represented as a group or column on the periodic table. based on chemical properties, there are 6 types of chemical families. group 1 represents alkali metals, group 2 represents alkaline earth metals, groups 3 to 12 represent transition metals, groups 13 to 16 represent non-metals and other metals, group 17 represents halogens and group 18 represents noble gases.