2. In classical conditioning, an organism forms associations between a. mirror neurons.
b. events that it does not control.
C. primary and secondary reinforcers.
d. its own behavior and resulting outcomes.
e. positive and negative reinforcers.

b. events that it does not control.

Explanation:

Classical conditioning can be defined as a learning process which involves repeatedly pairing two stimuli: conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus. In classical conditioning, a response which is at first brought forth by the second stimulus is later brought forth by the first stimulus alone.

Basically, it is a process through which a living organism learns to associate stimuli and as a result anticipating events. Therefore, it is a learning procedure that helps us to understand when a neutral stimulus is paired with a conditioned response.

Hence, in classical conditioning, an organism forms associations between events that it does not control.

An example is the process of salivating in response to the aroma of a meal being prepared in the kitchen.

given:

mass of na = 115 g

excess cl2

to determine:

mass of nacl produced

explanation:

given reaction is-

2na(s) + cl2(g) → 2nacl(s)

since cl2 is in excess, na will be the limiting reagent

as per the reaction stoichiometry na: nacl = 1: 1

i.e. moles of na reacted = moles of nacl formed

now, # moles of na = mass of na/atomic mass

                                  = 115 g/23 g.mol-1 = 5 moles

therefore, moles of nacl = 5

molar mass of nacl = 58 g/mol

mass of nacl = 5 moles * 58 g.mol-1 = 290 g

ans: amount of nacl produced = 290 g

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