The titration of Na2CO3 with HCl has the following qualitative profile: a. Identify the major species in solution at points A-F. b. Calculate the pH at the halfway points to equivalence, B and D. [Key

The atomic radius of sodium is 186 pm and of chlorine is 100 pm. the ionic radius for na+ is 102 pm and for cl– is 181 pm. in going from na to cl in period 3, why does the atomic radius decrease while the ionic radius increases? a. the inner electrons in the sodium cation shield its valence electrons more effectively than the inner electrons in the chloride anion do. b. the inner electrons shield the valence electrons more effectively in the chlorine atom than in the chloride anion. c. the outermost electrons in chloride experience a smaller effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. d. the outermost electrons in chloride experience a larger effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. e. monatomic ions are bigger than the atoms from which they are formed.

1. if you have a gas at 127 degrees c, what is it's absolute temperature (kelvin)? a. 200kb. 300kc. 400kd. 500k2. if you had a gas whose absolute temperature measured 45 k, what is that temperature in celsius? a. -228 cb. -300 cc. 125 cd. 112 c

In the following redox reaction which is the oxidizing agent and which is the reducing agent? alcl3 + na nacl + al oxidizing agent = reducing agent =