A 6.175 gram sample of an organic compound containing only C, H, and O is analyzed by combustion analysis and 13.30 g CO2 and 5.447 g H2O are produced. In a separate experiment, the molar mass is found to be 102.1 g/mol. Determine the empirical formula and the molecular formula of the organic compound.

Empirical and molecular formulas are the same, C₅H₁₀O₂.

Explanation:

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In this case, when determining the empirical and molecular formulas of organic compounds via combustion analysis, we first need to compute the moles of carbon and hydrogen via the yielded mass of carbon dioxide and water:

Next, we need to compute the mass of oxygen by subtracting the mass of carbon and hydrogen to the mass of the sample of the compound:

And consequently the moles:

Now, we need to divide the moles of each atom by the fewest moles, it in this case, those of oxygen to obtain the subscripts in the empirical formula:

Thus, the empirical formula, taken the nearest whole number is:

Now, if we divide the molar mass of the molecular formula (102.1 g/mol) by that of the empirical formula (102.1 g/mol) we infer they are both the same.

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n+h→nh3

we must remember that nitrogen and hydrogen are both diatomic molecules in their standard gas form. this adjusts the equation to

n2+h2→nh3

now we need to adjust coefficients in order to balance the atoms on each side of the equation. currently we have 2 atoms of nitrogen and 2 atoms of hydrogen on the reactant side and 1 atom of nitrogen and 3 atoms of hydrogen on the product side.

we can balance the hydrogens by placing a coefficient of 2 in front of ammonia and a coefficient of 3 in front of the hydrogen.

n2+3h2→2nh3

this gives us 6 hydrogen on each side and coincidentally the nitrogens now equal 2 on each side.

alkaline metals are lithium, sodium, rubidium, potassium, cesium and francium.

alkali metals have electronegativity from 0.7 to 1, lowest in periodic table of elements, which means that alkali metals (i group in periodic table) has positive oxidation number in compounds.

electronegativity is a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons towards itself.

alkaline metals (far left in main group) have lowest ionizations energy and easy remove valence electrons,

for example, potassium is the alkali metal and has a single valence electron in the outer electron shell.

electron configuration of potassium is: ₁₉k 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s¹.

they can not exist alone in nature, because they are very reactive.