Determine the number of charged particles in nucleus of calcium atom then deduce the number of electrons NUCLEAR CHARGE (20+)
ATOMIC MASS (40 amu)
given the relative charge of a proton =1+\ m1nucleon=1amu

detail is given below.

Explanation:

The charged particles of nucleus are protons while neutrons are neutral having no charge.

We know that an atom consist of electrons, protons and neutrons. Neutrons and protons are present inside the nucleus while electrons are present out side the nucleus. Electron has a negative charge and is written as e⁻. The mass of electron is 9.10938356×10⁻³¹ Kg . While mass of proton and neutron is 1.672623×10⁻²⁷Kg and 1.674929×10⁻²⁷ Kg respectively.

Symbol of proton= P⁺  

Symbol of neutron= n⁰  

The number of electron or number of protons are called atomic number while mass number of an atom is sum of protons and neutrons.

one proton contribute 1 amu to the total weight. There are 20 protons and 20 neutrons in Ca thus its atomic mass is 40 amu.

While the atomic number is 20.

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c. because step up transformer steps up the input voltage i.e increases the input voltage  

the number of turns are greater on the secondary side of step up transformer  

transformer does not handle dc current