Vinegar Vinegar is a solution of organic acid (ethanoic acid, CH3COOH). Vinegar is widely used for several domestic purposes including the removal of ‘fur’ or ‘lime’ from kettles. A housewife found that when she cleaned her kettle with a brand of vinegar called ‘VineGo’, it took 12 hours for the ‘fur’ to be completely removed. However, when she used a brand called ‘Sparkling White’, is took only 2 hours to remove the same amount of fur.

Propose a hypothesis to explain this observation.
Plan and design an experiment to test your hypothesis.

The atomic radius of sodium is 186 pm and of chlorine is 100 pm. the ionic radius for na+ is 102 pm and for cl– is 181 pm. in going from na to cl in period 3, why does the atomic radius decrease while the ionic radius increases? a. the inner electrons in the sodium cation shield its valence electrons more effectively than the inner electrons in the chloride anion do. b. the inner electrons shield the valence electrons more effectively in the chlorine atom than in the chloride anion. c. the outermost electrons in chloride experience a smaller effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. d. the outermost electrons in chloride experience a larger effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. e. monatomic ions are bigger than the atoms from which they are formed.

Which of these conditions most likely produces an unstable isotope?

How many grams of co(g) are there in 74.5 ml of the gas at 0.933 atm and 30o c?