Why does a large lake filled with cool water have more thermal energy than a small pond filled with warmer water

The reason is because the definition of thermal energy is: The sum of the kinetic and potential energy of the particles in the material. In your case it isn't a material it is a body of water. The larger the body of water the more thermal energy it has because it has more kinetic and potential energy than the small pond filled with warm water.

Mass is the amount of matter in an object.  weight is the measurement of the pull of gravity on an object.  say for example, you travel to the moon which has a different gravitational field compared to the gravitational field of earth. (gravitational fields: earth = 1, moon = 0.165)  now when you are on the moon, the pull of gravity on you is different than on the earth. and as weight is the measurement of the pull of gravity on an object, that means yes, your weight can and will change on the moon.  however, on the moon, on earth or even on jupiter, the amount of mass inside of you remains the same. meaning your physical mass remains constant.  in conclusion it is possible for your weight to change as your mass remains constant. 

The answers are 3.c kelvin4.b liquids only