Determine the density and ultimately the identity of each of the blocks ( a b c d and e)

c. because step up transformer steps up the input voltage i.e increases the input voltage  

the number of turns are greater on the secondary side of step up transformer  

transformer does not handle dc current

the answer would be a

the positions which points up in upward carbon and down in downward carbon are axial

and vice versa holds true for equatorial positions

so the correct answer with labelled diagram will be