The first chemists, philosophers like, Aristotle were from which country?

Tell me the iupac name of the following compounds:

Why is it possible for different microorganisms to extract energy not only from carbohydrates and other biological molecules but from a large variety of substances?

Quickly what are the following of organisms that existed over a wide area but only for a limited time period called a. soft fossils b. mold fossils c. index fossils d. trace fossils