Explain why a process, such as the Flame Test, would be important in: Forensics

Astronomy

Environmental and industry issues

The flame test is important in these fields as it helps scientists in determining the metal ions present in elements under study from their emission spectrum.

Explanation:

The Flame test is an important test in Chemistry that is based on the fact that metal ions emit certain characteristic spectrum. The element under investigation is made to pass through a hot, non-luminous flame. The resulting spectrum emitted determines the present metal ions. It is important in;

1. Forensics: Forensic is the application of scientific methods in detecting crime. If for example, a food substance is poisoned, the flame test can help in determining the metal ions present in the food and to know if they are indeed poisonous.

2. Astronomy: Scientists observe the stars and the spectra emitted by them to know which elements have the same colors. This also helps them to know how many light years away the stars are.

3. Environmental and Industry issues: Some industries may be fund guilty of releasing substances such as in oil exploration or bad water to the environment. Flame tests would help to determine which metal ions are present in these substances and their potential for and degree of harm.

assuming that your periodic table has eighteen columns, you should highlight   the four elements in the third column from the left of the table.

neutral atoms of elements after calcium contain d electrons. the energy of d orbitals of a particular main shell lies between the energy of the s and p orbitals of the next main shell. for example, electrons in the have energy higher than those in the orbital while lower than those of the orbital.

by the aufbau principle, electrons fill orbitals one at a time, starting from those of the lowest energy. the orbital is therefore filled right after orbitals and before orbitals.  

potassium has electron configuration and calcium . the s orbital of a main shell holds a maximum of two electrons. the next element would thus have the electron configuration and satisfy the requirements.

a neutral atom of the element contains three electrons on top of the most recent noble gas element. it should thus be placed in the third column of the periodic table. both scandium and yttrium would satisfy the conditions. an aufbau diagram indicates that the 4f orbital is filled before the 5d. however, it appears that exceptions exists for both lanthanum and actinium. neutral atoms of the two d-block elements also demonstrate the and should be highlighted as well.