Calculate the work (kJ) done during a reaction in which the internal volume expands from 30 L to 60 L against a vacuum (an outside pressure of 0 atm).

Dying the folding patterns of protein molecules can microbiologists better understand cellular processes as well as some diseases, such as alzheimer’s, that are caused by proteins that have misfolded. the folding of these complicated molecules can be simulated on computers, but it takes a lot of processor power and time for even expensive supercomputers to do this. a group of researchers at stanford university developed software that can be used to distribute the processing of data to anyone who is willing to donate time on their idle personal computers. as a result, the researchers have been able to achieve protein-folding simulations that are far better than those other computing methods have done. which statement best describes the work of these researchers? the work is not scientific because the data are not processed in one location. the work is not scientific because the simulations are not reproducible. the researchers applied creativity to solve a problem in running an experiment. the researchers used only well-established scientific techniques.

Consider this initial-rate data at a certain temperature for the reaction described by

Which of the following is an example of physical change not a chemical change? a) a log gives off heat and light as it burns. b) a tree stores energy from the sun in its fruit. c) a penny lost in the grass slowly changes color. d) a water pipe freezes and cracks on a cold night.