How many asymmetric centers are present in the open chain form of the aldohexose D-(-)-gulose? A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 4
E) 5

D) 4

Explanation:

If we want to find the asymmetric centers, we must first remember that in an asymmetric center, in the carbon, we will have 4 different types of groups bonded to it.

Therefore we must look for carbons that have 4 different groups. With this in mind, we can look at each carbon.

Carbon 1

In this carbon, we have two bonds with the oxygen, therefore, we dont have 4 different groups. So, this is not an asymmetric center.

Carbon 2

In this carbon, we have an "OH" in the top, an hydrogen in the bottom a carbonyl group in the right, and a CHOH in the left. We have 4 different groups. So, this is an asymmetric center.

Carbon 3

In this carbon, we have an "OH" at the bottom, an hydrogen in the top, a CHOH group in the right (that is bonded to a carbonyl group), and a CHOH in the left. We have 4 different groups. So, this is an asymmetric center.

Carbon 4

In this carbon, we have an "OH" at the top, an hydrogen in the bottom a CHOH group in the right (that is bonded to a CHOH group), and a CHOH in the left. We have 4 different groups. So, this is an asymmetric center.

Carbon 5

In this carbon, we have an "OH" at the bottom, an hydrogen in the top, a CHOH group in the right (that is bonded to a CHOH), and a CH2OH in the left. We have 4 different groups. So, this is an asymmetric center.

Carbon 6

In this carbon, we have two bonds with hydrogens, therefore, we dont have 4 different groups. So, this is not an asymmetric center.

See figure 1

I hope it helps!

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