How do we predict the conditions (high temperature, low temperature, all temperatures, or no temperatures) under which each of the following reactions will be spontaneous. (I have the correct answers to the following so I really want to understand how to solve this question or approach it - Thank you)

a) H2O(g) -->H2O(l)

b) CO2(s)-->CO2(g)

c) H2(g)-->2H(g)

d) 2NO2(g)-->2NO(g)+O2(g)(endotherm ic)

"among the transition metal elements, manganese and zinc have a slight lowering of electronegativities. the reason behind this is that the nuclear charges of these elements are slightly weaker than the other transition metal elements due to the way their valence electrons are filled up. both manganese and zinc have their valence electrons filled up to the 4th shell with 1 pair of electrons (4s2) completely occupying it. although the electrons in the 3rd shell (3d) are yet to be paired since the outer most shell is filled up, the ability of the nucleus to attract electrons is lessened. hence,   the electronegativity (or the ability to attract electrons) is lessened."

here are some of the ways in which chemical and nuclear reactions differ.

explanation: