The image compares the arrangement of electrons in two different neutral atoms. A shaded sphere is shown at the center of three concentric circles. The innermost circle has two black spheres. The middle circle has eight black spheres. The outermost circle has six black spheres. To the right of this figure labeled Atom D is another figure labeled Atom E. Atom E has a shaded sphere at the center of three concentric circles. The innermost circle has two black spheres. The second circle has eight black spheres. The outermost circle has five black spheres. Which of the following best explains the position of the two atoms in the periodic table? Both atoms have Zeff of 8; therefore, Atom D is to the right of Atom E. Both atoms have Zeff of 2; therefore, Atom D is below Atom E in the same column. Atom D has a Zeff of 6 and is therefore to the right of Atom E, which has a Zeff of 5. Atom D has a Zeff of 14 and is therefore above Atom E in the same column, which has a Zeff of 13.

answer by yourhope:

how do models compare to real-world objects?

d. most models represent a real-world object in a simpler way.

: )

substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon:

- the single bond remains single. a is wrong.

- the bond with hydrogen is as strong as with a halogen. c is wrong

- a hydrocarbon is saturated if there is no double bond. we do not know that so d is wrong.

- carbon will always have four valence electrons. e is wrong.

by elimination, the correct answer is b. the boiling point of the new compound increases.

c is having 4 valence electrons and is bonded to three hydrogens and one sulphur atom, therefore, the number of bond pair is equal to four. as all the valence electrons are used in forming the bonds so, there is no lone pair left on carbon.

s is having 6 valence electrons and is bonded to one other sulfur atom and one carbon atom, therefore, the number of bond pair is equal to 2. as only two valence electrons are used in forming the bonds so, four electrons are left. therefore, two lone pairs are present on s.