Question:

The principle of superposition states that in undisturbed layers of rock, the oldest layers are always on the bottom and the youngest layers are always on the top. Fossil records of plants and animals found within the layers describe changes in life forms over time.

During an expedition, a geologist discovers fossils in the surface rock layer of the same species as fossils found in deeper rock layers. However, the fossils differ slightly in structure.

Briefly explain in a five to six sentence paragraph the condition stated.

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Answer asap need it by wednesday morning carry out the following calculations on ph and ka of from data. i. calculate the ph of 0.02m hcl ii. calculate the ph of 0.036m naoh iii. calculate the ph of 0.36m ca(oh)2 iv. calculate the ph of 0.16m ch3cooh which has ka = 1.74 x 10-5 mol dm-3 v. calculate ka for weak acid ha which has a ph of 3.65 at 0.30m concentration vi. calculate the ka of a solution made by mixing 15.0 cm3 0.2m ha and 60.0 cm3 0.31m a-. [ph= 3.80] vii. calculate the ph of a solution made by mixing 15.0 cm3 0.1m naoh and 35.0 cm3 0.2m hcooh. [ka = 1.82 x 10-4 m]