During the process of heat transfer, the heat transferred to or from a system's surroundings is always .
Select the correct answer below:
a. greater than the heat transferred to or from the system
b. less than the heat transferred to or from the system
c. equal in both magnitude and sign to the heat transferred to or from the system
d. equal in magnitude to the heat transferred to or from the system, but opposite in sign

d.

Explanation:

The First law of thermodynamics states that the energy of the universe is constant.

This law explains the relationship between the energy change of a system and that of its surroundings.

The chemical system always moves toward the state with the lowest possible energy.

During the process of heat transfer, the heat transferred to or from a system's surroundings is always equal in magnitude to the heat transferred to or from the system, but opposite in sign