The work function (ϕ) of a metal is the minimum energy needed to remove an electron from its surface. (a) Is it easier to remove an electron from a gaseous silver atom or from the surface of solid silver (ϕ = 7.59×10−19 J; IE = 731 kJ/mol)? (b) Explain the results in terms of the electron-sea model of metallic bonding.

Explanation:

solid silver:

457 < 731; it is easier to remove electrons from surface of solid silver

b) overlap of orbitals results in a continuous energy band so that electrons can easily transition to higher energies and be removed.

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