Which are valid ways to make an ammonia/ammonium buffer for use in the laboratory? Select one or more: a. Mix some volume of 1 M NH3 with half as much 1 M HCl. b. Mix equal volumes of 1 M NH3 and 0.01 M NH4+. c. Mix equal volumes of 1 M NH3 and 1 M HCl. d. Mix equal volumes of 1 M NH3 and 1 M NH4+. g

Option A and D are correct because they both give you same concentration for ammonia and ammonium.

answer : (a) volume of the gas = 8.67 ×   l

                (b) second virial coefficient b = -1.21226 l/mole

solution :   given,     t = 300k

                                p = 20atm

                                z = 0.86

                                n = 8.2 mmoles = 8.2 × moles

                                r =   0.082 l atm/k/mol

        find,     (a) volume of gas   and (b) second virial coefficient b at 300k.

formula used :            

                          and            

(a)            

                    = \times 0.082\times 300}{20}[/tex]

                    = 8.67 ×   l

(b)      

                    = (0.00867-1) × 8.659

                    = - 8.5839 l/mole