Consider the reaction NaCH3COO (sodium acetate in acetic acid) with tert-butyl bromide (2-bromo-2-methylpropane). If the concentration of both the nucleophile/base and the substrate are doubled, what happens to the rate of reaction?

a. it doubles
b. it quadruples
c. new rate = 1/2 of original rate
d. it does not change
e. new rate = 1/4 of original rate

 a. it doubles

Explanation:

Rate law says that rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactants each raised to a stoichiometric coefficient determined experimentally called as order.

As the given halide is tertiary halide and the base is strong , it undergoes reaction and thus rate depends only on the concentration of  tert-butyl bromide.

[base]^0

k= rate constant

If concentration of both the base and the substrate are doubled ,

  (2)

Thus the rate of reaction doubles.

geosphere and hydrosphere.

this is because the geosphere has to do with geological events, while the hydrosphere controls all water on earth.