Suppose that a student performing an experiment mistakenly calibrated the pH meter using pH 6 instead of a pH 7 buffer. As a result all pH meter readings were too low.
A) would this error have affected the calculated equivalent mass of the unknown acid? how?
B) Would this error have affected the experimentally determined pKA of the unknown acid? how?

Astable electron arrangement for an atom is one that does not easily change. how is this arrangement arrived at? a. valence electrons are transferred or shared to create a full outer shell of electrons. b. valence electrons are discarded into space to create a full outer shell of electrons. c. protons (positive charge) pair with valence electrons (negative charge) to create a strong bond. d. outer shells with valence electrons are transferred or shared.