Hypothesis 2 (Particle size): If you
the particle size of a reactant, then the reaction rate
will increase because of the reactant's surface area is exposed allowing more particles to make
contact with each other

no, the red giant is the hottest with 2.00.000.000 degrees celsius. while the white dwarf only 25,000 degrees celsius.

answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.

nuclear fission produces elements that are heavier than helium.

the elements that are used in nuclear fission and their products are much heavier than helium.