The hydrolysis of ATP has the reaction: ATP + H2O → ADP + P, ΔG∘ = -30.5 kJ/mol at 25∘C. The synthesis of glutamine from glutamic acid can be represented as: Glu− + NH4+→ Gln + H2O. The Gibbs energy for this reaction is ΔG∘ = 14.8 kJ/mol at 25∘C. At standard conditions, will this reaction be spontaneous if coupled with the hydrolysis of ATP? The reaction converting glycerol to glycerol-3-phosphate can be represented as: glycerol + HPO42− ⟶ glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O. The Gibbs energy for this reaction is ΔG∘ = 9.2 kJ/mol at 25∘C. At standard conditions, will this reaction be spontaneous if coupled with the hydrolysis of ATP?