Achemical reaction that proceeds spontaneously
must run in the direction that lowers the free energy
must produce products that are more ordered than the reactant molecules
must proceed without an input of external energy
must take place in a very short amount of time

A chemical reaction that proceeds spontaneously must run in the direction that lowers the free energy.

Explanation:

Spontaneity is related to the free energy (ΔG), which is related to entropy (ΔS) and enthalpy (ΔH).

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

It is stated that a spontaneous reaction will release energy, therefore decreasinf the free energy.

This will definitely happen if the reaction is exothermic (proceeds without an imput of energy; ΔH < 0) and the products are more disordered (ΔS>0).

A reaction can be endothermic ( requires an imput of energy; ΔH > 0) if the temperature and ΔS are high enough.

1.consider the following balanced equation and answer parts a through. show calculations for each part.  

3 ag(s) + 4 hno3(aq) → 3 agno3(aq) + no(g) + 2 h2o(l)  

a. calculate the number of moles of agno3 produced by the reaction of 3 moles of ag with excess hno3. if the number to the left of the compound represents the number of moles of the compound which are present, then 3 moles of ag react with 4 moles hno3 to produce 3 moles agno3 (aq).

so the answer to a would be 3 moles.

b. calculate the number of moles of agno3 produced by the reaction of 108 grams of ag with excess hno3.  

i'm not sure how to plug in the grams of silver into an equation using moles to find how many moles are produced.

c. calculate the number of grams of agno3 produced by the reaction of 108 grams of ag with excess hno3  

d. calculate the number of moles of no produced as a byproduct of the reaction of 108 grams of ag with excess hno3.  

e. calculate the number of grams of no produced as a byproduct starting with 108 grams of ag and excess hno3.  

explanation:

i think tornado but not 100%