Chemistry, 07.03.2020 03:26, danielahchf

Given that a commercial airliner has a range a range of 9,500 miles using 265 tons of JP-4 fuel. Estimate the range of the aircraft burning either gaseous or liquid hydrogen at.

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answered: cailynrachael

Here is the full question.

Given that a commercial airliner has a range of 9,500 miles using 265 tonnes of JP-4 fuel. Estimate the range of the aircraft burning either gaseous or liquid hydrogen at the same mass of hydrogen as JP4.

The dry mass of the aircraft is 800 tonnes. The fuel properties are as follows:

Fuel Density (kg/m³) Heating value (kJ/kg)

JP4 800.0 45000

H₂ (gaseous, S.T.P) 0.0824 120900

H₂ (liquid, 1 atm) 70.8 120900

25,514 mi

Explanation:

Let first calculate the value of initial mass of the aircraft m_1 when burning JP4 fuel by using the expression:

$m_1 =m_2 + m_{JP4}$

where;

m_2 = 800t

$m_{JP4} = 265t$

m_1 = 800t+265t

m_1=1065 t

We need to employ the use of the range of the airliner which can be expressed by the formula;

$s = \eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g})In(\frac{m_1}{m_2})(\frac{Q_R}{g})$

where;

$\eta__0}$ = overall efficiency

L = lift

$\delta g$ = drag force

m_1 = initial mass of the vehicle

m_2 = is the final mass of the airliner after the burning of fuel

Q_R = is the heat of the reaction of the fuel burning.

g = gravitational acceleration

Rearranging the above equation; we have:

$\eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g}) = \frac{ s}{In(\frac{m_1}{m_2})({Q_R})}$

$\eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g}) = \frac{9500 mi}{In(\frac{1065t}{800t})({45000 kJ/kg})}$

$\eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g}) = \frac{0.2111}{In(1.33)}$

$\eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g}) = 0.74 mi.kg/kJ$

To estimate the range of the aircraft burning either gaseous or liquid hydrogen at the same mass of hydrogen as JP4; we have:

$s = \eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g})In(\frac{m_1}{m_2})(\frac{Q_R}{g})$

$s= (0.74mi.kg/kJ)(120900kJ/kg)In(\frac{1065t}{800t})$

$s= (89466mi)In(\frac{1065t}{800t})$

s = (89466mi)In(1.33)

s = 25,513.82 mi

s ≅ 25,514 mi

Thus, the range of the aircraft when burning either gaseous or liquid hydrogen at the same mass of hydrogen as JP4 is 25,514 mi

answered: Guest

alkaline metals are lithium, sodium, rubidium, potassium, cesium and francium.

alkali metals have electronegativity from 0.7 to 1, lowest in periodic table of elements, which means that alkali metals (i group in periodic table) has positive oxidation number in compounds.

electronegativity is a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons towards itself.

alkaline metals (far left in main group) have lowest ionizations energy and easy remove valence electrons,

for example, potassium is the alkali metal and has a single valence electron in the outer electron shell.

electron configuration of potassium is: ₁₉k 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s¹.

they can not exist alone in nature, because they are very reactive.

answered: Guest

they it depends on if one believes about radioactivity, they make a geiger counter beep but maybe it was going to beep anyway electronics do wierd things all the time or it was programmed to beep near certain metals.