Plot the activity coefficients of Na+, Ca2+, andAl3+ for ionic strengths from 0.001M (very fresh water) to 0.5M (seawater). Determine the ionic strength and TDS at which the activity coefficient corrections become important (activity coefficient less than 0.95) for monovalent, divalent, and trivalent ions.

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Which rate indicates the number of children that would be born per woman if she were to live to the end of her child bearing years

The characteristics of two different types of reactions are shown below: reaction a: electrons are gained by the atoms of an element. reaction b: protons are lost by the atom of an element. which statement is true about the atoms of the elements that participate in the two reactions? their identity changes in both reaction a and reaction b. their identity changes in reaction a but not in reaction b. their identity changes in reaction b but not in reaction a. their identity remains the same in both reaction a and reaction b.