Incorrectly inflated tires increase surface rolling resistance. many drivers do not inflate their tires to the recommended levels. underinflated tires cause a fuel efficiency loss of 1 percent for every 2 pounds the tires are below their recommended pressure. drivers should check tire pressure with a tire gauge during preventive maintenance checks and services (pmcs). the check should be made before driving, because tire pressure increases with the heat produced from driving. this can give a falsely high reading.

drivers should consider the following:

(1) tires should be inflated at the recommended pressures.

(2) tires should be inflated at the upper level of the recommended range for best fuel efficiency.

(3) tire wear increases and vehicle handling becomes more difficult when tires are inflated incorrectly.

(4) underinflated tires reduce fuel efficiency.

c. because step up transformer steps up the input voltage i.e increases the input voltage  

the number of turns are greater on the secondary side of step up transformer  

transformer does not handle dc current

answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.