Which of the following would have p-orbital electrons in its dot structure?
h
c
ca
f

C, F

Explanation:

A Lewis structure represents only the valence electrons an atom has. That said, in this specific problem we're considering the valence electrons of an atom. We wish to have p-orbital electrons in the valence shell.

Let's look at the electron configurations of each atom including the number of valence electrons:

Hydrogen only has one valence electron, as it's in group 1A. Its electron configuration is . It doesn't have any p electrons.Carbon has 4 valence electrons (group 4A). Its electron configuration is . Notice that the valence shell contains two p electrons.Calcium has 2 valence electrons (group 2A). Its electron configuration is . It only has s electrons in its valence shell.Fluorine has 7 valence electrouns (group 7A). Its electron configuration is . It has five p electrons in its valence shell.

Electrical charges of ionic bonds