1. which of the following is an example of a hypothesis?

the time it takes for a volcanic eruption

how often an earthquake occurs

a statement such as if too much stress is put on a fault, an earthquake may result

2. which type of geologist studies past life and its preservation?

mineralogist

geophysicist

paleontologist

3. which type of geologist studies composition and structure of minerals?

seismologist

paleontologist

mineralogist

4. which type of bond involves the sharing of electrons?

ionic

metallic

covalent

5. why is color not always reliable when identifying minerals?

because color is subjective

because color depends on the light present when you observe the mineral

because the same mineral can come in different colors

6. which classification of mineral is most dominate in the earth’s crust?

carbonates

chlorinate

silicates

7. what is the texture of this igneous rock?

smooth, solid appearance

pegmatitic

phaneritic

aphanitic

8. which of the following is true of metamorphic rocks?

they form as a result of volcanic processes.

they form as a result of weathering and erosion.

they form as a result of intense heat and pressure.

9. which process comes first in the formation of clastic sedimentary rocks?

erosion

burial

weathering

14,16 18 reacts with group

its first and third is your answer i did the qustion the fourth isnt right

the missing options are :

(1) lower boiling point and a lower freezing point(2) lower boiling point and a higher freezing point(3) higher boiling point and a lower freezing point(4) higher boiling point and a higher freezing point

answer : the correct answer is option (3) higher boiling point and a lower freezing point

explanation :

when a non volatile solute is added to a solvent like water, it results in elevation of boiling point.

let us find the increase in boiling point of water when cacl₂ is added to water to make a solution of 1 m

step 1 : find molality of the solution

let us assume we have 1 l of solution.

let us convert this to grams of cacl₂.

molar mass of cacl2 is 111 g/mol

grams of cacl₂ =

mass of solute = 111 g

assuming density of solution same as water which is 1g/ml we have ,

mass of solution = density * volume

mass of solution =

mass of solution = mass of solvent + mass of solute

mass of solute = 1000g - 111g

mass of solute 889 g = 0.889 kg

the molality of the solution can be calculated as

molality = 1.12 m

step 2 : find boiling point elevation.

the elevation in boiling point is calculated as

here δtb = boiling point elevation

i = vant hoff factor which is the number of ions formed by the solute .

cacl₂ dissociates as

it forms 3 ions . therefore,

i = 3

m = molality which is 1.12 m

kb is constant for a given solvent. for water it is 0.512

the boiling point of water increases by 1.7 °c

step 3: find freezing point depression.

when a non volatile solute is added to water, it results in decrease in freezing point.

the formula to find freezing point depression is

kf is constant for water and its value is 1.86

the freezing point of water decreases by 6.2 °c

therefore we can say that, the solution will have a higher boiling point and a lower freezing point