Crude oil flows through a level section of the alaskan pipeline at a rate of 1.6 million barrels per day (1 barrel = 42 gal). the pipe inside diameter is 48in.; its roughness is equivalent to galvanized iron. the maximum allowable pressure is 1200 psi; the minimum pressure required to keep dissolved gases in solution in the crude oil is 50 psi. the crude oil has a specific gravity of 0.93, and a viscosity of 3.5 x 10-4 lbf. s/ft2 at its pumping temperature.

pure substance: iron,copper

impure substance: water,charcoal

"you start with 15.67 g mgco3-xh2o, when heated and all the water is removed, you are left with 7.58 g mgco3 only.

therefore, you had 15.67 - 7.58 = 8.09g h2o  

moles of each :

7.58g mgco3 = ? moles = 7.58g / 83.4g/mole = 0.09moles  

8 09g h2o = ? moles = 8.09g / 18g/mole = 0.44moles  

molar ratio between the two by dividing both numbers by the smallest number :

0.09 / 0.09 = 1  

0.44 / 0.09 = 4.8  

mgco3-5h2o"

it forms an anion that has a larger radius. anions have a negative charge and are larger than the original atom.

it's c (engineer's do their work with mechanical stuff not on any living being)