A. start by assuming that when the reaction gets to equilibrium, the change in concentration of h+ will be negligible relative to the initial concentration. what do you get for [h+] and ph? report the concentration in scientific notation with the following format #*10^x (e. g. 0.0010 = 1.0*10^-3). [h+] = m ph = b. if you then use the quadratic formula, what do you get for your answers? report the concentration in scientific notation with the following format #*10^x (e. g. 0.0010 = 1.0*10^-3). [h+] = m ph = c. what is the % difference between the ph of (a) and (b)? calculate this by taking the larger of the two numbers and dividing it by the other, multiplying by 100, and then subtracting 100%. round this value to 2 sig figs. % difference = % d. [why are the two numbers different? ] e. if instead of a solution of benzoic acid, you had a solution of sodium benzoate, what do you get for [h+] and ph? report the concentration in scientific notation with the following format #*10^x (e. g. 0.0010 = 1.0*10^-3).

if two electrons have the same n, the same ℓ, and the same ml, then they are in the same orbital. the pauli exclusion principle states that no two identical fermions (a fancy word for electrons and other subatomic particles like electrons) may occupy the same quantum state in an atom simultaneously.

it can be observed without changing the identity of the object.

it depends on what substance you're talking about as well as many other factors. in quantum mechanics, the observation of particles affects the observers ability to measure certain properties. for example: you can know the velocity of a particle, but you can't know it's position; or you can know it's position, but not it's velocity. it's like trying to find out where a grain of sand is by throwing other grains of sand at it. once you find out where it is, it's been moved. it's also like trying to find an answer to the question of whether or not a tree falling in a forest makes a sound if nobody is there to hear it. paradoxically, the only way to find out is to be there and hear it.