What are the
major ionization
state(s) for succinic
acid at ph 3.2, 4.2,
5.2, and 6.2? pk= 4.21.

The  major ionization state is at pH of 6,2.

Explanation:

Succinic acid HOOC(CH₂)₂COOH has as equilibrium:

HOOC(CH₂)₂COOH ⇄ HOOC(CH₂)₂COO⁻ + H⁺; pka = 4,21

The Henderson-Hasselbalch formula:

pH = pka + log₁₀

For a pH of 3,2:

3,2 = 4,21 + log₁₀

0,0977 =

For a pH of 4,2:

4,2 = 4,21 + log₁₀

0,977 =

For a pH of 5,2:

5,2 = 4,21 + log₁₀

9,77 =

For a pH of 6,2:

6,2 = 4,21 + log₁₀

97,7 =

Thus, the  major ionization state is at pH of 6,2.