Fertilizer runoff and wastewater discharges are problematic because inorganic n-iii) is toxic to fish. the toxicity is attributable to the presence of nh; (ammonia) which is the biologically-active form of n-iii). the other form of inorganic n-iii), nha (ammonium), is not toxic to fish. as a result, water quality regulations for freshwaters are typically written in terms of "un-ionized ammonia" (i. e., nh3). a typical limit for protection of aquatic life from nh3 toxicity in surface water is 0.025 mg/l as n. monitoring data are reported in terms of total inorganic n(-iii). use the thermodynamic data in appendix a (posted on the b-courses site) for this problem. a. what is the maximum concentration of total inorganic n-iii) that can be present in surface water at ph=7, t=25°c without violating the water quality regulations? assume ionic strength=0. b. the temperature of surface waters is typically lower than 25°c. repeat your calculation at 5°c. c. obviously, the water will have some ionic strength. repeat the calculation at 25°c for water with an ionic composition identical to that of the mississippi river at st. paul (see table below). ignore any contribution to ionic strength from nh".
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