Identify each of the following elements: (a) a halogen whose anion contains 36 electrons, (b) a radioactive noble gas with 86 protons, (c) a group 6a element whose anion contains 36 electrons, (d) an alkali metal cation that contains 36 electrons, (e) a group 4a cation that contains 80 electrons.

For a: The correct answer is

For b: The correct answer is Radon.

For c: The correct answer is

For d: The correct answer is

For e: The correct answer is

Explanation:

An ion is formed when an atom looses or gains electron.

When an atom looses electrons, it will form a positive ion known as cation.

When an atom gains electrons, it will form a negative ion known as anion.

Atomic number is defined as the number of protons or electrons that are present in a neutral atom.

Atomic number = number of protons = number of electrons

Atomic mass is defined as the sum of number of protons and neutrons that are present in an atom.

Atomic mass = Number of protons + Number of neutrons

Halogens are Fluorine (Z = 9), Chlorine (Z = 17), Bromine (Z = 35), Iodine (Z = 53) and Astatine (Z = 85)

Bromine is the 35th element of the periodic table having electronic configuration

This element will gain 1 electron and will form ion.

The ion formed has 36 electrons.

Noble gas having 86 protons means the element having atomic number 86 is Radon.

Thus, the correct answer is Radon.

Group 6A elements are Oxygen (Z = 8), Sulfur (Z = 16), Selenium (Z = 34), Tellurium (Z = 52) and Polonium (Z = 84)

Selenium is the 34th element of the periodic table having electronic configuration

This element will gain 2 electrons and will form ion.

The ion formed has 36 electrons.

Alkali metals are Lithium (Z = 3), Sodium (Z = 11), Potassium (Z = 19), Rubidium (Z = 37), Cesium (Z = 55) and Francium (Z = 87)

Rubidium is the 34th element of the periodic table having electronic configuration

This element will loose 1 electron and will form ion.

The ion formed has 36 electrons.

Group 4A elements are Carbon (Z = 6), Silicon (Z = 14), Germanium (Z = 32), Tin (Z = 50) and Lead (Z = 82)

Lead is the 82th element of the periodic table having electronic configuration

This element will loose 2 electrons and will form ion.

The ion formed has 80 electrons.

the density of gold = 19.3 g/cm3

the relation between density and mass and volume is

density = mass / volume

given :

mass of gold = 13 g

density = 13g / volume = 19.3

volume = 13 /19.3 = 0.67 cm^3

thus volume of gold nugget = 0.67 cm^3

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