Write the symbol for each of the following ions:
(a) the ion with a 3+ charge, 28 electrons, and a mass number of 71
(b) the ion with 36 electrons, 35 protons, and 45 neutrons
(c) the ion with 86 electrons,142 neutrons, and a 4+ charge
(d) the ion with a 2+ charge, atomic number 38, and mass number 87

a)

b)

c)

d)

Explanation:

For neutral atoms:

Atomic Number (Z)= number of protons = number of electrons

Mass number (A) = number of protons + number of neutrons

For ions with positive net charge:

Number of protons = Z + net charge

For ions with negative net charge:

Number of protons= Z - net charge

a) A = 71, Charge = +3

Number of electrons = 28

Number of protons = 28 +3 =31

b)  A = 35, Z = 45+35=80, Charge = -1

Number of protons =35

Number of neutrons = 45

Number of electrons = 36

Charge = Number of protons- Number of electrons =35-36 = -1

c)  Charge = +4

Number of electrons = 86

Number of protons = Z = 86+4 = 90

mass number = A = 90+142 = 232

d)  Charge = +2

Atomic number = Number of protons = Z = 38

mass number = A = 87

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explanation:

1. a)c-14 has two more protons

2. d)they have different numbers of protons, neutrons, and valence electrons; they are all gases at room temperature.

3. c) iron and nickel.