What mass of salt (nacl) should you add to 1.06 l of water in an ice cream maker to make a solution that freezes at -11.0 ∘c ? assume complete dissociation of the nacl and density of 1.00 g/ml for water.

Explanation:

As the given data is as follows.

      Volume = 1.06 L,          

        for water = 1.853 ^{0}C m,     density = 1.00 g/mL

Relation between temperature change and is as follows.

where,          c = concentration

                     i = Van't Hoff factor

                      = cryoscopic constant

When NaCl dissolves in water then it results in formation of sodium ions and chlorine ions. In means two ions are formed so, i = 2. Therefore, putting the given values into the above formula as follows.

                               c = 2.96

As molality is defined as number of moles of solute per kg of solvent.

So, mass of NaCl that should be added is calculated as follows.

                 = 183.54 g

Thus, we can conclude that mass of NaCl that should be added is 183.54 g.

answer: option (b) is the correct answer.

explanation:

a covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons. whereas polarity arises due to difference in electronegativity of two atoms.

therefore, more is the electronegativity of an atom which combines with the titanium, more readily it will induce a partial positive and negative charge.

thus, out of the given options fluorine is most electronegative and has an incomplete octet. therefore, it will readily combine with titanium to share the electrons and complete its octet.  

there is none because earth is stationary and flat.