Chemistry, 06.07.2019 01:20, blackwelle72

Which statements are true? δ for an exothermic reaction is positive. δ for an endothermic reaction is positive. the evaporation of water is an exothermic process. a combustion reaction is exothermic. when energy is transferred as heat from the surroundings to the system, δ is negative. when energy is transferred as heat from the system to the surroundings, δ is negative.

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The true statements are $\Delta H$ for an endothermic reaction is positive, a combustion reaction is exothermic and when energy is transferred as heat from the system to the surroundings, $\Delta H$ is negative.

Explanation:

There are 2 types of chemical reactions categorized into heat change:

Endothermic reactions: These reactions are defined as the reactions in which energy is absorbed by the system from the surroundings. The $\Delta H$ for these reactions is always positive. For Example: Changing of water into water vapor.Exothermic reactions: These reactions are defined as the reactions in which energy is released by the system to the surroundings. The $\Delta H$ for these reactions is always negative. For Example: Combustion reactions.

Combustion reactions are defined as the reactions in which a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide and water. Heat is released during these reactions. Thus, it is considered as exothermic reactions.

Hence, the true statements are $\Delta H$ for an endothermic reaction is positive, a combustion reaction is exothermic and when energy is transferred as heat from the system to the surroundings, $\Delta H$ is negative.

answered: Guest

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{1}$ and electronic configuration of phosphorous is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{3}$ .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

$3na + p \rightarrow na_{3}p$

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.

Electrons are transferred from atoms of to atoms of this transfer makes the sodium atoms and the

answered: Guest

answer: the value of enthalpy change will be -152.80 kj.

solution:

pressure = 1atm , temperature = $25^oc$ = 298 k $)0^oc=273kelvins$

$o_3+3no\rightarrow 3no_2,\delta h_{reaction}=? [/)</p><p>[tex]\delta h_{no}=90.4kj/mol$

$\delta h_{no_2}=33.85kj/mol$

$\delta h_{o_3}=142.2kj/mol$

$\delta h_{reaction}=\sum \delta h_{products}-\sum\delta h_{reactants}=3\times\delta h_{no_2}-(3\times \delta h_{no}+\delta h_{o_3})$

$\delta h_{reaction}=33.85-(90.4+142.2)=-311.85kj/mol$

given that pressure and temperature are same in both gases , the number of moles of both gases can be determined by the ideal gas equation.

$v_{no}=12.00 l,v_{o_3}=8.50 l$

$pv_{no}=n_{no}rt=1atm \times 12.00 l=n_{no}\times 0.0821 atml/k mol \times 298 k$

$n_{no}=0.49 moles$

$pv_{o_3}=n_{o_3}rt=1atm \times 8.50 l=n_{o_3}\times 0.0821 atml/k mol \times 298 k$

$n_{o_3}=0.34 moles$

according to reaction 3 moles no are reacting with 1 mol of $o_3$ ,then 0.49 mol of no will react with $\frac{1}{3}\times 0.49$ moles of ozone that is 0.16 moles of ozone. since, no is limiting reagent and $o_3$ is an excessive reagent.

enthalpy change for the reaction between the given volumes of the gases is :

$\delta h_{reaction}\times \text{moles of no}=-311.85kj/mol\times 0.49 mol=-152.80kj/mol$

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Which statements are true? δ for an exothermic reaction is positive. δ for an endothermic reaction...