In 1909, ernest rutherford shot tiny particles at a sheet of gold foil. he expected all of the particles to move straight through the gold's atoms. instead, some of the particles moved through, but other particles bounced back. what conclusion did rutherford draw from these results?

a. an atom is a soft blob of material composed of a mixture of protons and electrons.

b. an atom is entirely solid and has no empty spaces between its particles.

c. an atom has a dense nucleus surrounded by mostly empty space where electrons travel.

a saline water is fed to a reverse osmosis unit at flow rate o rotameter connected to reject (retentate) line reads 8 installed in reject and permeate line reads 15.2 milli siemens/cm and 300 micro siemens/com respectively.

percent abundance for cu-63 can be shown as:

63 x + 65 (1-x) = 62.9296

65 - 62.9296 = 2 x

x = 1.035

thus, percent abundance for cu-63 is 1.035

percent abundance for cu-65 can be shown as:

63 x + 65 (1-x) = 64.9278

65 - 64.9278 = 2 x

x = 0.0361

thus, percent abundance for cu-63 is 0.0361

the mass spectrum of cu-63 showing the intense peak as, this isotope is found in nature more abundantly around 92.38 % in comparison to cu-65 which is found 62.58 % naturally