What factors could have affected your results?

do the factors in a t-chart having factors leading to a low specific heat on the left side and factors leading to a high specific heat on the right side.

See below  

Step-by-step explanation:

heat gained by metal + heat lost by water = 0

           m₁C₁ΔT₁           +         m₂C₂ΔT₂         = 0

C₁ = -(m₂C₂ΔT₂)/(m₁ΔT₁)

The factors determining C₁ are

Any factor that makes the numerator higher or the denominator lower than what you thought, will give a calculated C₁ that is too high (and vice versa).

The major sources of uncertainty are probably in determining the temperatures, especially the initial and final temperatures of the metal. However, you will have to decide what the principal factors were in your experiment.

For example, did the metal have a chance to cool during the transfer to the calorimeter? How easy was it to determine the equilibrium temperature, etc?

Factors Affecting the Calculation of Specific Heat Capacity

         Too Low                                    Too high                                

Water                                             Water

    Mass less than thought                Mass more than thought

    Ti lower                                         Ti higher

    T_f higher                                       T_f lower

Metal                                              Metal

    Mass more than thought             Mass less than thought

    Ti higher                                       Ti lower

answer: option (b) is the correct answer.

explanation:

a covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons. whereas polarity arises due to difference in electronegativity of two atoms.

therefore, more is the electronegativity of an atom which combines with the titanium, more readily it will induce a partial positive and negative charge.

thus, out of the given options fluorine is most electronegative and has an incomplete octet. therefore, it will readily combine with titanium to share the electrons and complete its octet.