Which of these best describes heat transfer through conduction?

a) heat transfer as electrons are excited in atoms.
b) heat transfer by the emission of pure energy waves.
c) heat transfer by a liquid or gas flowing over an object.
d) heat transfer by molecules colliding with adjacent molecules.

Ascientist wants to know how individual lions within a pride interact with each other in their own environment. to do this, the scientist sedates and tags all of the lions within a pride. then, he places several remotely-controlled video cameras near the lions' den and performs an observational field study. he collects continuous video footage over the span of one year, analyzes the video, and then forms conclusions based on his observations.