How is the structure of the atom related to the organization of the modern periodic table?

Atoms have energy levels for its electrons. In most cases, those levels fill up from the ground up. Each energy level contains a fixed number of electrons. The number of electrons in a neutral atom of a certain element is also definite. As a result, the number of energy levels those electrons occupy in a ground state atom is certain for an element.

As its name suggests, the periodic table has multiple rows known as periods. Atoms of elements in the same row have the same number of occupied energy levels per atom. This is true only when the atom is neutral and in its ground state.

For example:

Among all occupied energy levels, the level with the highest energy is known as the valence shell. The number of electrons in that level in a neutral atom could predict chemical properties of the atom.

The periodic table is divided into columns. Each column is known as a group. Elements in each group has the same number of electrons in their valence shell. Again, this holds only if the atom is neutral and in its ground state. As a result, elements in each group have similar chemical properties.

For example, both Na and K are found in the leftmost column of the periodic table. Both are group 1 elements. The two elements have similar chemical properties:

answer: option (b) is the correct answer.

explanation:

a covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons. whereas polarity arises due to difference in electronegativity of two atoms.

therefore, more is the electronegativity of an atom which combines with the titanium, more readily it will induce a partial positive and negative charge.

thus, out of the given options fluorine is most electronegative and has an incomplete octet. therefore, it will readily combine with titanium to share the electrons and complete its octet.  

ill try to . no promises tho.

explanation: