Succinic acid is a substance produced by lichens. chemical analysis indicates it is composed of 40.68% c, 5.08% h, and 54.24% o. determine the empirical formula.

C₂H₃O₂

Explanation:  

Assume that you have 100 g of the compound.  

Then you have 40.68 g C, 5.08 g H, and 54.24 g O.  

1. Calculate the moles of each element.

Moles of C  = 40.68 × 1/12.01   = 3.387 mol C

Moles of H =    5.08 × 1/1.008   = 5.010 mol H

Moles of O = 54.24 × 1/16.000 = 3.390 mol O

2. Calculate the molar ratios.  

Divide all values by the smallest number.

C:  3.387/3.387 = 1

H: 5.010/3.387 = 1.479

O: 3.390/3.387 = 1.001

3. Multiply each ratio by 2

C:  2 × 1       = 2

H: 2 × 1.479 = 2.958

O: 2 × 1.001 = 2.002

4. Determine the empirical formula

Round off all numbers to the closest integer.  

C: 2

H: 3

O: 2

The empirical formula is C₂H₃O₂.  

hope this

explanation:

covalent bonds

consist of pairs of electrons shared by two atoms, and bind the atoms to fixed orientation and requre high energies to break them

ionic bonds

when two atoms differ considerably in their electronegativity, then one of the atoms will lose its electron to the other atom. this results in a positively charged ion(cation) and a negatively charged ion (anion)

answer: the value of enthalpy change will be -152.80 kj.

solution:

pressure = 1atm , temperature = = 298 k

given that pressure and temperature are same in both gases , the number of moles of both gases can be determined by the ideal gas equation.

according to reaction 3 moles no are reacting with 1 mol of ,then 0.49 mol of no will react with moles of ozone that is 0.16 moles of ozone. since, no is limiting reagent and is an excessive reagent.

enthalpy change for the reaction between the given volumes of the gases is :