Using the periodic table, which of the following elements is most likely to have similar properties as calcium, and why? a. potassium (k), because they are both alkali metals b. magnesium (mg), because they are both alkaline earth metals c. scandium (sc), because they are both in the fourth period d. argon (ar), because they both have three energy levels

Option (B) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Atoms that have same number of valence electrons are most likely to exhibit similar chemical properties.

So, atoms present in a group will show similar chemical properties.

For example, group 2 elements are known as alkaline earth metals and magnesium and calcium are same group elements thus, they have same chemical properties.

Thus, we can conclude that using the periodic table, magnesium is the element which is most likely to have similar properties as calcium, because they are both alkaline earth metals.

hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain only hydrogens and carbons. they can be saturated (those which contain only carbon-carbon single bonds) or unsaturated (those which contain carbon-carbon double or triple bonds) in nature. hydrocarbons can undergo several reactions like substitution, elimination etc.  

on substituting one or more hydrogen atoms in hydrocarbon it results in the formation of haloalkane. as the halogen atoms are large compared to the carbon and hydrogen atoms, due to which the molecular weight increases and the bond become polar because of presence electronegative halogen atom and results in the increase in boiling point of the haloalkane.

thus, the correct option is (b) that is the boiling point of the new compound increases on substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon.