1. list all the conjugate acid-base pairs 2. identify each reactant and product as acid or base

1. The conjugate acid-base pairs are HCl/Cl- and NH3/NH4+. They can be changed into one another by proton transfer.

2. The acid in the reaction is the molecule that has the lowest pKa value or (simply) gives their proton away the easiest. The pKa of HCl is around 3 I think while ammonia’s is around 35. This means HCl is the acid here. In the other reaction (backwards) you can see that NH4+ gives a proton to the chloride ion. To give a proton = acid. So the acids are HCl and NH4+ and the bases are NH3 and Cl-.

An important rule is: The stronger the acid/base, the weaker its conjugate base/acid.

For cyclohexane compounds drawn in a chair conformation:   -axial bonds are vertical  -equatorial bonds are parallel to two bonds within the ring.  thus, as i assume the chair conformation is drawn:   -the x group is in an axial position, as are the five other vertical bonds.  -three axial bonds are on the top face of the ring  -the other three axial bonds are on the bottom face  the position of the second substituent on each ring carbon is equatorial.  gauche groups must be on an adjacent carbon such as carbon 6 and carbon 2, and also gauche groups are rotated by 60 degrees relative to each other.  drawing the newman projections for c1–c2 and c1–c6 aids in visualizing the groups that are gauche to the y group on c1.  click this link and watch some academic videos that may you more understand the topic 

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