2. state one difference between gas and vapour. which of the following substance in the gaseous state should be called a vapour? (i) helium (ii) nitrogen (iii) sulphur (iv) carbon dioxide.

Difference between Gas and Vapour:
                                                          
Gas:
        A thermodynamic state in which a substance exists only in one phase i.e. Gas phase. In above given examples N₂, He and CO₂ exists as gases at room temperature. These gases cannot form a solid or liquid phase along with gas phase as these states requires very low temperatures.

Vapours:
               It is a thermodyanamic state in which a substance exists in more than one phase. In given options Sulfur can exist in vapor state. This is because sulfur exists in a cyclic or chain form due to catenation (self linkage property). Therefore, a lower members of S allotrops can form a vapours.

Ch4 is nonpolar and insoluble in water. since all of the hydrogen atoms are evenly spread around the carbon atom even through the c h bond is polar all the poles cancel each other out.